Design Thinking for Online Instruction in India
DOI: 10.54647/education88299 115 Downloads 5064 Views
Author(s)
Abstract
India is the second most populous nation in the world and has been greatly impacted by COVID-19 causing extensive damage in terms of death as well as living conditions. Aside from health and economic consequences, COVID-19 has affected the education sector as well. As a result of lockdowns and social distancing mandates, students were unable to attend school and colleges and had to depend on technology for their education. Many schools were unprepared. Some schools did not have the financial resources for technology and their teachers were not adequately trained to instruct online. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the implementation of design thinking methodology for providing a faculty and student driven solution for online instruction in a suburban low-income school in India. This paper explains the process of understanding the issues affecting online education in India and training 90 faculty to successfully instruct online. Lack of internet connectivity and affordable technology are major hindrances for education in India.
Keywords
India, Covid-19, online education, design thinking
Cite this paper
Pamila Dembla, Yash Nihal Rajpal, Hersh Mathur,
Design Thinking for Online Instruction in India
, SCIREA Journal of Education.
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2021 | PP. 237-252.
10.54647/education88299
References
[ 1 ] | Burch, P., & Miglani, N. (2018), Technocentrism and social fields in the Indian EdTech movement: formation, reproduction and resistance. Journal of Education Policy, 33(5), 590-616. |
[ 2 ] | Cecchini, S., & Scott, C. (2003), Can information and communications technology applications contribute to poverty reduction? Lessons from rural India. Information Technology for development, 10(2), 73-84. |
[ 3 ] | Dam, Rikke Friis, and Teo Yu Siang (2020). What Is Design Thinking and Why Is It So Popular?. The Interaction Design Foundation, www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/what-is-design-thinking-and-why-is-it-so-popular. |
[ 4 ] | India: Extreme Inequality in Numbers (2019), Oxfam International, www.oxfam.org/en/india-extreme-inequality-numbers, last accessed October 13th 2021 |
[ 5 ] | Jadhav, V. R., Bagul, T. D., & Aswale, S. R. (2020), COVID-19 Era: Students’ Role to Look at Problems in Education System during Lockdown Issues in Maharashtra, India, International Journal of Research and Review, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3935281, last accessed October 13th 2021. |
[ 6 ] | Kochhar, Rakesh (2021) In the Pandemic, India's Middle Class Shrinks and Poverty Spreads While China Sees Smaller Changes, www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/03/18/in-the-pandemic-indias-middle-class-shrinks-and-poverty-spreads-while-china-sees-smaller-changes/%3famp=1 |
[ 7 ] | Kumar, C., & Chaulia, S. (2020), Stay in India, Study in India: Higher education in the corona era. |
[ 8 ] | Kurokawa, Toshiaki Kurokawa (2013), Design Thinking Education at Universities and Graduate Schools.” Science and Technology Trends, Quarterly Review, www.nistep.go.jp/en/wp-content/uploads/Science-Technology-Trends-Quarterly-Review-No.46%EF%BC%8Dreport4.pdf, last accessed October 13th 2021. |
[ 9 ] | Liedtka, Jeanne, Andrew King and Kevin Bennett (2013), Solving Problems with Design Thinking: 10 Stories of What Works. Columbia Business School Publishing |
[ 10 ] | Literacy Rate Of India 2021 || State Wise Literacy Rate (2019), Census of India 2021, censusofindia2021.com/literacy-rate-of-india-2021/, last accessed October 21st 2021 |
[ 11 ] | Mintrom, Michael, and Joannah Luetjens (2016), Design Thinking in Policymaking Processes: Opportunities and Challenges. Wiley Online Library, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8500.12211, last accessed October 13th 2021. |
[ 12 ] | Mitra, Sugata, and Vivek Rana (2001), Children and the Internet: Experiments with minimally invasive education in India. British Journal of Educational Technology 32 (2), 221-232. |
[ 13 ] | Nair, Sulekha (2020), Online Education Has a Mountain of Problems in India but It Can Become Accessible, Inclusive If States Are More Proactive, Firstpost, www.firstpost.com/india/online-education-has-a-mountain-of-problems-in-india-but-it-can-become-accessible-inclusive-if-states-are-more-proactive-8571541.html/amp, last accessed October 13th 2021 |
[ 14 ] | Narasimhamurthy, N. (2014) Digital divide-access and use of new information communications technology among Indian rural females, IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 19(8), 35-43. |
[ 15 ] | Nikolopoulou, K. (2014), ICT Integration in Preschool Classes: Examples of Practices in Greece. Creative Education, Creative Education, 5 (6), 402-410. doi: 10.4236/ce.2014.56050, last accessed October 13th 2021 |
[ 16 ] | Oliver, R. (2002) The Role of ICT in Higher Education for the 21st Century: ICT as a Change Agent for Education. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.83.9509&rep=rep1&type=pdf |
[ 17 ] | Ozili, Peterson K, and Thankom Arun (2020). Spillover of COVID-19: Impact on the Global Economy.” SSRN, 30. |
[ 18 ] | Rajan, M. T. (2006),Digital Learning in India: Problems and Prospects, Digital Learning, Legal Background Paper, Berkman Center for Internet and Society, Harvard Law School. |
[ 19 ] | Raman, Bhaskaran, and Kameswari Chebrolu (2007). Experiences in using WiFi for rural internet in India. IEEE Communications Magazine 45(1), 104-110. |
[ 20 ] | Saxena, Kavita (2020). Coronavirus Accelerates Pace of Digital Education in India. “COVID-19 Data Explorer.” Our World in Data, 2021, ourworldindata.org/explorers/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&country=~OWID_WRL&hideControls=true&Interval=Cumulative&Align%2Boutbreaks=false&Relative%2Bto%2BPopulation=false&Metric=Confirmed%2Bcases. |
[ 21 ] | Sheikh, Abu Baker, Suman Pal, Nismat Javed, and Rahul Shekhar (2021), COVID-19 Vaccination in Developing Nations: Challenges and Opportunities for Innovation, MDPI, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/41/htm#B20-idr-13-00041, last accessed October 13th 2021. |
[ 22 ] | Siddiqui, Kalim (2020), “The Impact of COVID-19 On the Global Economy, Worldfinancialreview.com, www.researchgate.net/profile/Kalim-Siddiqui/publication/341757096_2020_The_Impact_of_Covid-19_on_the_Global_Economy_WFR_May_June/links/5ed249c192851c9c5e667265/2020-The-Impact-of-Covid-19-on-the-Global-Economy-WFR-May-June.pdf, last accessed October 13th 2021. |
[ 23 ] | Sulekha, Nair (2020), COVID 19 A Wakeup Call for Indian Internet Service Providers (2020), https://www.igauge.in/admin/uploaded/report/files/QSIGAUGECOVIDISPReportApril2020_1606732097.pdf, last accessed October 13th 2021. |
[ 24 ] | Tang, Hsien-Hui and E. Hsiao (2013), The advantages and disadvantages of multidisciplinary collaboration in design education. Semantic Scholar, https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-collaboration-Tang-Hsiao/e84a726954b273fdc502d2b857c5277138b1c459, last accessed October 13th 2021 |
[ 25 ] | World Population review (2020) https://www.worldpopulationreview.com , last accessed October 13th 2021. |